Correll ds, johnston mc 1970 manual of the vascular plants of texas. It also appears to be allelopathic suppression of other species by exudation of phytotoxic chemicals that inhibit germination and growth of other plants. Cenchrus ciliaris is more rarely made into silage, as the moisture content of the grass in semiarid areas is usually low gohl, 1982. Pdf digestibility of buffel grass cenchrus ciliarisbased diets. Nonfunctional delta12 fatty acid desaturase allele sbfad2 decreases linoleic acid contents in transgenic sorghum. However, in certain situations, particularly in arid to semiarid environments, buffel grass has the ability to rapidly invade the surrounding environment. The journal provides original research devoted to the advancement and dissemination of basic and applied knowledge. It forms extensive dense monocultures excluding native species. Markerassisted screening of breeding populations of an apomictic grass cenchrus ciliaris l. Removal of the fermentation inhibitor, furfural, using. Introduce genetic variation in sexual pearl millet by transformation with candidate apomixis genes and analyze functional. Apomixis or asexual reproduction through seeds, enables the preservation of hybrid vigor. While apomixis, that is, clonal reproduction, is intuitively antithetical to diversity, it is rarely obligate and actually provides a mechanism to recover and maintain superior hybrid gene combinations for which.
Name of the student supervisor botany cosupervisor coguide research advisory committee topic of the ph. Pdf agrobacteriummediated transient gus gene expression in. Development of plant molecular markers for marker assisted selection sequencing of expressed sequence tags and the development of deoxyribonucleic. Cenchrus ciliaris has become naturalised and often an invasive species in australia, the southwestern united states, hawaii, mexico, central america, south america, and macaronesia. It has perfect florets, and emasculation is thought to be required to produce controlled hybrids. Improvement of intergeneric somatic hybrid grass plants through protoplast fusion. In this study, commercial and polymerderived activated carbons were utilized to selectively remove the model fermentation inhibitor. Cenchrus ciliaris is palatable to stock and, once established it can withstand heavy grazing and trampling fao, 2010. The fungal pathogen cochliobolus australiensis isolated from infected leaves of the invasive weed buffelgrass pennisetum ciliare was grown in vitro to evaluate its ability to produce phytotoxic metabolites that could potentially be used as natural herbicides against this weed. Nutritional value of common pastoral grasses to livestock natural. Supplemental data this section contains the legends to supplementary figures 1 to 10, and supplemental. It has been reported to occur in 300 plant species belonging to 35 angiosperm families.
It is composed of both longitudinal and circular fibres and serves to change the shape of the lens, enabling the eye to focus upon near or distant objects. References 186 akiyama y, hanna ww and oziasakins p 2005 highresolution physical mapping reveals that the aposporyspeci. Environmental weed risk assessment results for cenchrus. The physiological responses of two halophytic grass species, halopyrum mucronatum l. Article pdf available in journal of applied genetics 444. Chromosomes carrying meiotic avoidance loci in three apomictic eudicot hieracium subgenus pilosella species share structural features with two monocot apomicts1woa takashi okada, kanae ito2, susan d. Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris is very similar to white buffel grass cenchrus pennisetiformis and relatively similar to mossman river grass cenchrus echinatus, birdwood grass cenchrus setigerus and the spiny burrgrasses cenchrus incertus and cenchrus longispinus. Cenchrus ciliaris has the least connate involucral bristles in the genus and thus has been alternately placed in both genera wagner et al. Many swards contain more than one forage species and this provides another opportunity for intake to be modified by selective grazing. The bristles of the involucre in cenchrus are connate, while those in pennisetum are distinct.
Most research focuses on the species as forage plant and is largely published in agricultural and grey literature. The in vitro antitumor activities of cenchrus ciliaris l extracts were evaluated on six cell lines. It is one of the most popular cultivated pastures, especially in the more arid parts, with many commercially available cultivars. This plant may be known by one or more common names in different places, and some are listed above. The asgr contains multiple copies of the psasgrbaby boomlike psasgrbbml gene, a member of the bbmlike. Apomicts have been studied at their genetic levels, but there are no any direct evidence of its mechanism.
It reproduces predominantly by apomixis, which provides a means of clonal propagation. Link is a species of grass native to most of africa, southern asia east to india, southern iran, and the extreme south of europe. Read molecular cloning and characterisation of peroxidases from buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris l. Ciliaris muscle, muscle of the ciliary body of the eye, between the sclera white of the eye and the fine ligaments that suspend the lens. Transgenic sugarcane plants were produced by bombardment of embryogenic callus with high. Impacts and management of cenchrus ciliaris buffel grass as an invasive species in northern queensland thesis submitted by janice jackson b. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. It is an apomictic, polyploid grass suited to pastures and rangelands of australia, south africa, and india bhat et al. Popular pastoral species, buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris is receiving long overdue attention as an invasive weed that poses serious threats to biodiversity conservation worldwide. This document was originally published on the website of. Cenchrus ciliaris, and related apomicts, and conduct comparative analyses with sexual grass species. Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris as an invader and threat to.
The transgenic grass of the present invention exhibits the potential to express a range of beneficial traits such as reduced allergenicity, enhanced nutritional content and increased disease. It is an apomictic, perennial, polymorphic and polyploid warmseason forage grass suited to pastures. This introduced grass is associated with loss of native species and alteration of fire regimes. Anticancer effect of cenchrus ciliaris l sciencedirect. To preserve the technical information it contains, the department is republishing this document. We report additional data for tetraploid buffelgrass pennisetum ciliate l. Previous studies on inheritance of monopolar panicum type apospory in the panicoideae resulted in three widely different genetic models and mutually incompatible data sets. Cenchrus ciliaris is of economic significance as an important forage grass correll.
In pennisetum squamulatum, apomixis segregates as a single dominant locus, the aposporyspecific genomic region asgr. Markerassisted screening of breeding populations of an apomictic. Plant details information about cenchrus ciliaris plant. Due to limitations in the crc s production process, however, its content may not be accessible for all users. Optimization of protein extraction and proteomic studies. The results can also be downloaded as a csv file unicode utf8 encoding. Transgenic crops i compiles this information on cereals, grasses, legumes, and oilseed crops. From the cholistan desert, pakistan muhammad aqeel ashraf1,2, karamat mahmood3, ismail yusoff1 and ahmad kaleem qureshi2 1 department of geology, university of malaya, 50603 kuala lumpur, malaysia 2 department of chemistry, university of malaya, 50603 kuala lumpur, malaysia.
Photosynthetic carbon isotope discrimination is a nondestructive tool for investigating c 4 metabolism. Genetic transformation in buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris. If you would like to participate, visit the project page. A rapid and efficient method for in vitro shoot organogenesis and production of transgenic bacopa monnieri l. Generation of transgenic plants through gene gun biolistic transformation and direct gene transfer to protoplasts. Clonal reproduction through seeds in sight for crops. Rubina chongtham transgenic approach for aphid resistance using rnai a jagannath sachin kumar use of molecular tools for genetic improvement of sesame. Genotypingbysequencing reveals population structure and. Genetic transformation in buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris l. The genus name cenchrus is derived from the greek kegchros, meaning millet. White, red or brown sand, stony red loam, black cracking clay. The university of floridas institute of food and agricultural sciences ufifas is a federalstatecounty partnership dedicated to developing knowledge in agriculture, human and natural resources, and the life sciences, and enhancing and sustaining the quality of human life.
Agrobacterium mediated genetic transformation of cenchrus ciliaris l. Development of seinet, symbiota, and several of the specimen databases have been supported by national science foundation grants dbi 99832, brc 0237418, dbi 0743827, dbi 0847966. Cenchrus ciliaris invasive species specialist group. The record derives from wcsp data supplied on 20120323 which reports it as an accepted name record 403893 with original publication details. It is also known by its basionym cenchrus ciliaris. A parthenogenesis gene of apomict origin elicits embryo. Pdf buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris as an invader and. Start this article has been rated as startclass on the projects quality scale. Name of the student supervisor cosupervisor coguide topic of the ph. Cenchrus ciliaris is a grass native to southern asia and much of africa.
Apr 30, 2016 this page was last edited on 30 april 2016, at 06. The present invention relates generally to transgenic grass and to a method of producing same. Cenchrus ciliaris lolium multiflorum hordeum vulgare. Q in may 2004 for the degree of doctor of philosophy in tropical plant sciences school of tropical biology james cook university. Markerassisted screening of breeding populations of an. The atlas of florida plants provides a source of information for the distribution of plants within the state and taxonomic information. Linear, tapering to a fine point, glabrous or hairy. Chloromonilinic acids c and d, phytotoxic tetrasubstituted. In riparian areas in can replace native vegetation along riverbanks and damage habitats that are vital to the survival of many plant and animal species. Iftbc 2019 poster directory march 2427, 2019 lake buena vista, florida as of. Hybrids are heterozygous and segregate for genotype and phenotype upon sexual reproduction. Conner, muruganantham mookkan1, heqiang huo2, keun chae, and peggy oziasakins3 department of horticulture, university of georgia tifton campus, tifton, ga 31973.
Cenchrus ciliaris is within the scope of wikiproject australia, which aims to improve wikipedia s coverage of australia and australiarelated topics. Shortterm thermal photosynthetic responses of c 4 grasses are independent of the biochemical subtype. Carbon isotope discrimination as a tool to explore c4. Biomass accumulation, relative water content, free proline, h 2 o 2 content, stomatal conductance, photosynthetic performance and quantum yield f v f m ratio were studied. Intratesticular injection of foreign dna as a possible method for the production of transgenic chicken. Buffel grass has been widely introduced in the dry tropics and subtropics as a pasture grass, for erosion control and revegetation of arid areas. Eradication of buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris on airlie island. Current status and the future of fluorescence in situ. Crude protein and cell wall of total plant leaves and stems of nueces buffelgrass cenchrus ciliaris l. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Its dense roots and ground shading prevents the germination of seeds of other species. However, in our previous works, several accessions have exhibited different responses to abiotic stresses. Apomixis has been common in polyploid grasses, and poorly represented in the crop species. In order to understand the mechanism involved, a close relative of pennisetum, cenchrus polystachion, an apomictic species was explored for more insights into protein expression in reproductive structures.
Chapter 2 agrobacteriummediated genetic transformation of. An invasive species, it is established in many other parts of the southwestern usa. Individual and combined effects of drought and heat on. Apomixis is an asexual mode of reproduction through seeds which results in clonal multiplication of the maternal genotype due to the absence of meiosis and fertilization of the egg cell. Tufted, erect or decumbent and much branched from the base, stout or slender, leafy or ascending from a branched often nodose rootstock.
More particularly, the present invention is directed to transgenic grass of the group monocotyledoneae. Pdf agrobacteriummediated transient gus gene expression. Using fcss, eight different reproductive pathways are identified and species are grouped as sexual and apomicitic depending on the ploidy of embryo and endosperm. Link buffelgrass, anjangrass, african foxtail grass cenchrus ciliaris l. Optimization of callus induction and plant regeneration from germinating seeds of apomictic cenchrus ciliaris l.
It was introduced in the 1930s into arizona, united states, to provide grazing. Buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris is of most concern on sandy soils and is often also weedy on alluvial flats and riverine sites. This cited by count includes citations to the following articles in scholar. Brief description grazyna paczkowska, monday 1 november 1993. There is growing evidence for the presence of supernumerary chromatin in several apomictic species, and it is clearly involved in the inheritance of apomixis in the grasses pennisetum squamulatum and cenchrus ciliaris roche et al. Highfrequency direct plant regeneration via multiple shoot induction in the apomictic forage grass cenchrus ciliaris l. Agrobacteriummediated transformation, cenchrus ciliaris, forage quality, gus gene. Cenchrus ciliaris is a particularly aggressive grass, by virtue of its extensive root system competing with associated species for water and nutrients. Tuneable diode laser absorption spectroscopy provides new opportunities for making rapid, concurrent measurements of carbon isotope discrimination and co 2 assimilation over a range of environmental conditions, and this has facilitated the use of carbon isotope discrimination. Pdf arbuscularmycorrhizal symbiosis confers numerous benefits to host plants including improved tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. It commonly escapes from plantings, especially into disturbed habitats, where it promotes a grassfire cycle. The ones marked may be different from the article in the profile. A parthenogenesis gene of apomict origin elicits embryo formation from unfertilized eggs in a sexual plant joann a.
Pennisetum ciliare is native to africa, asia, and europe. Jagannath transgenic approach for aphid resistance using rnai 2010 pritam kaur amar kumar molecular aspects of plantnematode interaction. Cytogeography of cenchrus ciliaris poaceae in tunisia jstor. Agrobacteriummediated transient gus gene expression in buffel grass cenchrus ciliaris l. This is a very important pasture grass in many parts of the tropical world, mainly because of its ease and low cost of establishment, comparatively high value and yield, extreme drought. Ethanol can be produced from lignocellulosic biomass through fermentation. Cenchrus ciliaris buffelgrass or african foxtail grass. Moreover, cp concentration of gs was 183 gmkg dm while the protein fractions in gs hay % cp were nonprotein nitrogen. Agrobacteriummediated transient gus gene expression in. It comprises 25 chapters and is divided into two sections. Sexual buffelgrass plant b2s and five sexual progeny from open. A summergrowing perennial native to south africa and india, it is also widely grown in australia and southern regions of the usa as a monospecific sward and as a component of improved pastures. Chromosomes carrying meiotic avoidance loci in three. Cenchrus ciliaris apomictic 32,34,36,40,54 dhaman grass cenchrus setigerus apomictic 32,34,36,40,54 guinea grass panicum maximum apomictic 18,32,36,48 breeding strategies different breeding strategies should be based on wide variations available in different cereals, legumes, grasses.
The website also provides access to a database and images of herbarium specimens found at the university of south florida and other herbaria. These species can be distinguished by the following differences. Cenchrus ciliaris pennisetum ciliare, commonly known as buffel grass, is a perennial bunchgrass that forms thick mats. Molecular cloning and characterisation of peroxidases from. The obtained results exhibited direct cytotoxic effect with variable inhibiting effect on the growth of the listed cell lines comparing to vinblastine sulphate as reference standard drug, these effects showed different ic 50 ranged from 11. Shortterm thermal photosynthetic responses of c4 grasses. Physiological responses of two halophytic grass species. Pennisetum ciliare grows densely and crowds out native plants of similar size. Current status and the future of fluorescence in situ hybridization fish in plant genome research. Cenchrus ciliaris is a palatable species with a high leaf production. Other names by which this grass is known include dhaman grass, anjan grass, koluk katai and buffelgrass.
Tufted or sometimes stoloniferous perennial, grasslike or herb, 0. However, the ratio of repulsion versus couplingphase linkages in the maternal and paternal. Johnson2, karsten oelkers, go suzuki, andreas houben. Optimization of protein extraction was studied with the leaf tissue and optimized. A parthenogenesis gene of apomict origin elicits embryo formation from unfertilized eggs in a sexual plant.
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